Lub flange yog dab tsi?
Flange luv luv, tsuas yog ib lo lus dav dav, feem ntau yog hais txog lub cev hlau zoo li lub disk kom qhib ob peb lub qhov ruaj khov, siv los txuas lwm yam, hom khoom no siv dav hauv tshuab, yog li nws zoo li txawv me ntsis, tsuav yog nws hu ua flange, nws lub npe yog los ntawm lus Askiv flange. yog li ntawd cov yeeb nkab thiab cov yeeb nkab sib txuas ntawm cov khoom, txuas nrog qhov kawg ntawm cov yeeb nkab, lub flange muaj qhov qhib, ntsia hlau kom ob lub flanges txuas nruj nreem, ntawm flange nrog lub foob gasket.
Flange yog ib qho khoom zoo li lub disk, feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim cov kav dej, flange siv ua khub.
Hais txog cov hom kev sib txuas flange, muaj peb yam khoom:
- Cov yeeb nkab flanges
- Gasket
- Kev sib txuas ntawm lub qhov (bolt)
Feem ntau, muaj cov khoom siv gasket thiab bolt tshwj xeeb uas pom tau tias yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tib yam li cov yeeb nkab flange. Cov flanges feem ntau yog cov flanges stainless hlau. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov flanges muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam khoom siv kom phim lawv rau qhov xav tau ntawm qhov chaw. Qee cov khoom siv flange feem ntau yog monel, inconel, thiab chrome molybdenum, nyob ntawm qhov xav tau tiag tiag ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv yuav tsum nyob ntawm hom system uas koj xav siv flange nrog cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb.
7 Hom Flanges Feem Ntau
Muaj ntau hom flanges uas koj xaiv tau raws li qhov chaw xav tau. Yuav kom phim tus qauv flange zoo tagnrho, yuav tsum ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab siv tau ntev, thiab yuav tsum xav txog tus nqi tsim nyog tshaj plaws.
1. flange xov:
Cov flanges uas muaj xov, uas muaj xov nyob rau hauv lub flange bore, yog ntsia nrog cov xov sab nraud ntawm qhov sib dhos. Kev sib txuas xov ntawm no yog txhais tau tias kom tsis txhob vuam hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej. Nws feem ntau yog txuas los ntawm cov xov sib phim nrog cov yeeb nkab uas yuav tsum tau ntsia.
2. Qhov (socket) vuam flanges
Hom flange no feem ntau yog siv rau cov kav dej me me uas qhov txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov kub qis thiab thaj chaw siab qis yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev sib txuas uas cov kav dej tau muab tso rau hauv flange kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib txuas nrog ib lossis ntau txoj kev fillet weld. Qhov no zam cov kev txwv cuam tshuam nrog cov xov xaus piv rau lwm hom flange welded, yog li ua rau kev teeb tsa yooj yim.
3. Cov flanges ntawm lub ceg tawv
Lub flange lap yog ib hom flange uas yuav tsum tau muab qhov kawg ntawm lub stub vuam rau ntawm qhov sib dhos kom siv tau nrog lub flange txhawb nqa los ua qhov sib txuas flange. Qhov kev tsim no ua rau txoj kev no nrov hauv ntau lub tshuab uas qhov chaw tsawg, lossis qhov twg xav tau kev rhuav tshem ntau zaus, lossis qhov twg xav tau kev saib xyuas ntau.
4. Cov flanges zawv zawg
Cov flanges uas txav tau yooj yim yog cov uas siv ntau heev thiab muaj ntau qhov loj me kom haum rau cov tshuab uas muaj cov dej ntws ntau thiab cov dej ntws ntau. Tsuas yog phim lub flange rau sab nraud ntawm lub yeeb nkab ua rau kev sib txuas yooj yim heev rau kev teeb tsa. Kev teeb tsa cov flanges no yog qhov nyuaj me ntsis vim nws yuav tsum tau vuam fillet ntawm ob sab kom ruaj ntseg lub flange rau lub yeeb nkab.
5. Cov flanges dig muag
Cov hom flanges no zoo heev rau kev xaus cov kav dej. Lub phaj dig muag zoo li lub disk dawb paug uas tuaj yeem ntsia tau. Thaum cov no tau teeb tsa kom raug thiab ua ke nrog lub gasket kom raug, nws tso cai rau kev sib khi zoo heev thiab yooj yim tshem tawm thaum xav tau.
6. Weld Caj Dab Flanges
Cov flanges vuam caj dab zoo ib yam li cov flanges lap, tab sis xav tau kev vuam taub qab rau kev teeb tsa. Thiab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lub kaw lus no thiab nws lub peev xwm khoov tau ntau zaus thiab siv rau hauv cov tshuab siab thiab kub ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb rau cov kav dej ua haujlwm.
7. Cov flanges tshwj xeeb
Hom flange no yog hom uas paub zoo tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau hom flange tshwj xeeb ntxiv uas muaj los ua kom haum rau ntau yam kev siv thiab ib puag ncig. Muaj ntau lwm yam kev xaiv xws li nipo flanges, weldo flanges, expansion flanges, orifices, long weld necks thiab reducer flanges.
5 Hom Flanges Tshwj Xeeb
1. WeldoFlange
Weldo flange zoo ib yam li Nipo flange vim nws yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov flanges vuam thiab cov kev sib txuas ceg. Weldo flanges yog ua los ntawm ib daim hlau forged khov kho, es tsis yog ib feem raug vuam ua ke.
2. Nipo flange
Nipoflange yog ib ceg yeeb nkab uas tig rau ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 90 degrees, nws yog ib yam khoom tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas cov flanges vuam thiab cov Nipolet forged. Txawm hais tias Nipo flange pom tias yog ib daim hlau forged ruaj khov, nws tsis nkag siab tias yog ob yam khoom sib txawv vuam ua ke. Kev teeb tsa Nipoflange muaj kev vuam rau Nipolet ntawm cov khoom siv kom khiav cov yeeb nkab thiab bolting qhov flange rau lub flange yeeb nkab stub los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm yeeb nkab.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias Nipo flanges muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom ntaub ntawv xws li carbon, siab thiab qis kub carbon steels, stainless hlau qib, thiab nickel alloys. Nipo flanges feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev tsim kho kom muaj zog, uas pab muab lawv lub zog ntxiv thaum piv rau tus qauv Nipo flange.
3. Elboflange thiab Latroflange
Elboflange yog hu ua kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm flange thiab Elbolet thaum Latroflange yog hu ua kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm flange thiab Latrolet. Lub luj tshib flanges yog siv los ceg cov kav dej ntawm lub kaum sab xis 45 degree.
4. Cov flanges ntawm lub nplhaib tig
Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov flanges swivel yog los pab txhawb kev sib phim ntawm cov qhov ntsia hlau ntawm ob lub flanges khub, uas yog qhov pab tau ntau dua hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej, xws li kev teeb tsa cov kav dej loj, cov kav dej hauv qab dej lossis cov kav dej hauv hiav txwv thiab cov chaw zoo sib xws. Cov hom flanges no yog tsim rau cov kua dej uas xav tau ntau hauv roj, roj av, hydrocarbons, dej, tshuaj lom neeg thiab lwm yam kev siv petrochemical thiab kev tswj dej.
Yog tias cov kav dej loj, cov kav dej muaj ib lub flange vuam txheem ntawm ib kawg thiab ib lub flange tig tau ntawm lwm qhov. Qhov no ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tig lub flange tig tau ntawm cov kav dej kom tus neeg teb xov tooj ua tiav qhov sib dhos ntawm cov qhov ntsia hlau kom yooj yim thiab sai dua.
Qee cov qauv tseem ceeb rau cov flanges swivel yog ASME lossis ANSI, DIN, BS, EN, ISO, thiab lwm yam. Ib qho ntawm cov qauv nrov tshaj plaws rau cov ntawv thov petrochemical yog ANSI lossis ASME B16.5 lossis ASME B16.47. Cov flanges swivel yog cov flanges uas siv tau rau txhua yam flange qauv. Piv txwv li, weld necks, slip ons, lap joints, socket welds, thiab lwm yam, hauv txhua qib khoom siv, ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg los ntawm 3/8 "txog 60", thiab siab los ntawm 150 txog 2500. cov flanges no tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim los ntawm carbon, alloy, thiab stainless hlau.
5. Cov flanges nthuav dav
Cov flanges nthuav dav, yog siv los ua kom qhov loj ntawm cov yeeb nkab los ntawm ib qho chaw mus rau lwm qhov kom txuas cov yeeb nkab rau lwm yam khoom siv xws li cov twj tso kua mis, cov compressors, thiab cov li qub uas pom tias muaj qhov loj sib txawv.
Cov flanges nthuav dav feem ntau yog cov flanges uas muaj lub qhov loj heev ntawm qhov kawg uas tsis yog flanged. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ntxiv ib lossis ob qhov loj me lossis txog li 4 ntiv tes rau lub qhov dej ntws. Cov hom flanges no nyiam dua li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom txo qis thiab cov flanges txheem vim tias lawv pheej yig dua thiab sib dua. Ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv feem ntau rau cov flanges nthuav dav yog A105 thiab stainless hlau ASTM A182.
Cov flanges nthuav dav muaj nyob rau hauv qhov ntsuas siab thiab qhov loj me raws li ANSI lossis ASME B16.5 cov lus qhia, uas feem ntau muaj convex lossis tiaj tus (RF lossis FF). Cov flanges txo qis, tseem hu ua cov flanges txo qis, ua haujlwm sib txawv kiag li piv rau cov flanges nthuav dav, txhais tau tias lawv siv los txo qhov loj me ntawm cov yeeb nkab. Lub qhov loj me ntawm ib qho kev khiav ntawm cov yeeb nkab tuaj yeem txo tau yooj yim, tab sis tsis pub ntau tshaj 1 lossis 2 qhov loj me. Yog tias muaj kev sim txo qis dhau qhov no, yuav tsum siv cov kev daws teeb meem raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov reducers butt-welded thiab cov flanges txheem.
Flange Sizing thiab Cov Kev Xav Txog Feem Ntau
Ntxiv rau qhov kev tsim qauv ntawm lub flange, nws qhov loj me yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev xaiv flange thaum tsim, tswj thiab hloov kho lub kaw lus kav dej. Hloov chaw, yuav tsum xav txog qhov sib txuas ntawm lub flange nrog lub yeeb nkab thiab cov gaskets siv los xyuas kom meej tias muaj qhov loj me. Ntxiv rau qhov no, qee qhov kev xav dav dav yog raws li nram no:
- Txoj kab uas hla sab nraud: Txoj kab uas hla sab nraud yog qhov deb ntawm ob sab ntug ntawm lub ntsej muag flange.
- Thickness: Qhov tuab yog ntsuas los ntawm sab nraud ntawm lub npoo.
- Txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub voj voog ntawm lub ntsia hlau: Qhov no yog qhov deb ntawm cov qhov ntsia hlau uas ntsuas los ntawm nruab nrab mus rau nruab nrab.
- Qhov Loj ntawm Cov Yeeb Nkab: Qhov loj ntawm cov yeeb nkab yog qhov loj sib xws rau lub flange.
- Nominal Bore: Lub nominal bore yog qhov loj ntawm sab hauv txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub flange connector.
Flange Kev Faib Tawm thiab Qib Kev Pabcuam
Flanges raug faib ua pawg los ntawm lawv lub peev xwm los tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias sib txawv. Nws yog xaiv los ntawm kev siv cov ntawv lossis cov ntawv tom qab "#", "lb" lossis "chav kawm". Cov no yog cov ntawv tom qab sib pauv tau thiab kuj sib txawv los ntawm thaj chaw lossis tus neeg muag khoom. Cov kev faib tawm paub dav dav tau teev hauv qab no:
- 150#
- 300#
- 600#
- 900#
- 1500#
- 2500#
Cov kev kam rau siab thiab kub sib txawv nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, kev tsim flange thiab qhov loj ntawm flange. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsis hloov pauv tsuas yog qhov ntsuas siab, uas txo qis thaum qhov kub nce ntxiv.
Hom ntsej muag Flange
Hom ntsej muag kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov kev ua tau zoo kawg thiab lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm lub flange. Yog li ntawd, qee hom ntsej muag flange tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau raug tshuaj xyuas hauv qab no:
1. Lub Flange Tiaj (FF)
Qhov chaw gasket ntawm lub flange tiaj tiaj yog nyob rau hauv tib lub dav hlau li qhov chaw ntawm lub thav duab bolted. Cov khoom siv uas siv cov flange tiaj tiaj feem ntau yog cov uas tsim nrog cov pwm kom phim lub flange lossis flange npog. Cov flange tiaj tiaj yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tso rau ntawm cov flanges sab inverted. ASME B31.1 hais tias thaum koom nrog cov flanges hlau tiaj tiaj rau cov flanges hlau carbon, lub ntsej muag tsa ntawm cov flanges hlau carbon yuav tsum tau tshem tawm thiab lub ntsej muag tag nrho yog xav tau. Qhov no yog los tiv thaiv cov flanges hlau me me, brittle los ntawm kev txaws rau hauv qhov khoob tsim los ntawm lub qhov ntswg tsa ntawm cov flange hlau carbon.
Hom flange ntsej muag no yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv thiab cov li qub rau txhua daim ntawv thov uas cov hlau cam khwb cia raug tsim. Hlau cam khwb cia yog brittle dua thiab feem ntau tsuas yog siv rau qhov kub qis, qis siab daim ntawv thov. Lub ntsej muag tiaj tiaj tso cai rau ob lub flanges ua kom sib cuag tag nrho thoob plaws qhov chaw. Flat Flanges (FF) muaj qhov chaw sib cuag uas yog tib qhov siab li cov xov ntsia hlau ntawm flange. Cov washers puv ntsej muag yog siv ntawm ob lub flanges tiaj tiaj thiab feem ntau yog mos. Raws li ASME B31.3, cov flanges tiaj tiaj yuav tsum tsis txhob sib phim nrog cov flanges siab vim muaj peev xwm rau kev xau los ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke flanged.
2. Lub ntsej muag tsa (RF)
Lub flange ntsej muag tsa yog hom siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov ntawv thov fabricator thiab yooj yim paub. Nws hu ua convex vim tias lub ntsej muag ntawm lub gasket nyob saum lub ntsej muag ntawm lub nplhaib bolt. Txhua hom kev ntsia yuav tsum tau siv ntau hom gaskets, suav nrog ntau yam ntawm cov nplhaib tiaj tus thiab cov hlau sib xyaw xws li cov ntaub ntawv kauv thiab ob chav-sheathed.
RF flanges yog tsim los kom muaj kev sib sau ua ke ntxiv rau ntawm thaj chaw me me ntawm lub gasket, yog li txhim kho kev tswj hwm siab ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke. txoj kab uas hla thiab qhov siab los ntawm qib siab thiab txoj kab uas hla tau piav qhia hauv ASME B16.5. Flange qib siab qhia txog qhov siab ntawm lub ntsej muag raug tsa. RF flanges yog npaj los sib sau ua ke ntxiv rau ntawm thaj chaw me me ntawm lub gasket, yog li ua rau muaj peev xwm tswj hwm siab ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke. Txoj kab uas hla thiab qhov siab los ntawm chav kawm siab thiab txoj kab uas hla tau piav qhia hauv ASME B16.5. Kev ntsuas flange siab.
3. Lub nplhaib flange (RTJ)
Thaum xav tau kev sib khi hlau-rau-hlau ntawm cov flanges khub (uas yog qhov xwm txheej rau kev siv siab thiab kub siab, piv txwv li, siab dua 700/800 C °), Ring Joint Flange (RTJ) siv.
Lub flange sib koom ua ke muaj ib lub voj voog uas haum rau lub gasket sib koom ua ke (oval lossis rectangular).
Thaum ob lub flanges sib koom ua ke raug ntsia ua ke thiab tom qab ntawd nruj, lub zog ntsia hlau uas siv los ua rau lub gasket hauv qhov zawj ntawm lub flange hloov pauv, tsim kom muaj lub foob hlau-rau-hlau nruj heev. Yuav kom ua tiav qhov no, cov khoom siv ntawm lub gasket sib koom ua ke yuav tsum mos dua (ntau dua ductile) dua li cov khoom siv ntawm cov flanges.
RTJ flanges tuaj yeem kaw nrog RTJ gaskets ntawm ntau hom (R, RX, BX) thiab profiles (piv txwv li, octagonal / elliptical rau R hom).
Cov gasket RTJ feem ntau yog hom R nrog lub octagonal cross-section, vim nws ua kom muaj lub foob ruaj khov heev (oval cross-section yog hom qub). Txawm li cas los xij, tus qauv "flat groove" lees txais ob hom RTJ gaskets nrog lub octagonal lossis oval cross-section.
4. Cov flanges nplaig thiab qhov (T & G)
Ob lub flanges uas muaj tus nplaig thiab qhov (T & G faces) haum zoo kawg nkaus: ib lub flange muaj lub nplhaib tsa thiab lwm lub muaj qhov uas lawv haum tau yooj yim (tus nplaig nkag mus rau hauv qhov thiab kaw qhov sib koom ua ke).
Cov flanges nplaig thiab qhov zawj muaj nyob rau hauv qhov loj thiab me.
5. Txiv neej thiab poj niam Flanges (M & F)
Zoo ib yam li cov flanges uas muaj tus nplaig thiab qhov zawj, cov flanges txiv neej thiab poj niam (hom ntsej muag M & F) sib phim.
Ib qho flange muaj thaj chaw uas nthuav dav dhau nws thaj chaw saum npoo, tus flange txiv neej, thiab lwm qhov flange muaj cov kev nyuaj sib xws machined rau hauv qhov ntsej muag, tus flange poj niam.
Flange nto tiav
Yuav kom ntseeg tau tias lub flange haum zoo rau lub gasket thiab lub mating flange, thaj tsam ntawm lub flange yuav tsum muaj qee qib ntawm qhov roughness (RF thiab FF flange tiav xwb). Hom roughness ntawm lub flange ntsej muag txhais tau tias hom "flange tiav".
Cov hom feem ntau yog Tshuag, concentric serrated, spiral serrated thiab du flange ntsej muag.
Muaj plaub qhov chaw tiav rau cov flanges hlau, txawm li cas los xij, lub hom phiaj ntawm txhua hom flange nto tiav yog tsim kom muaj qhov roughness xav tau ntawm qhov chaw flange kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm flange, gasket thiab mating flange kom muab lub foob zoo.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Hli-08-2023