ASTM A691 2.25Cr CL22 EFW Cov Yeeb Nkab Hlau rau Kev Pabcuam Kub Siab: Cov Lus Qhia, Kev Vuam thiab Daim Ntawv Thov

Kev Piav Qhia Luv:

Womic Steeltsim cov yeeb nkab hlau ASTM A691 2.25Cr CL22 hluav taws xob-fusion-welded (EFW) rau cov kav dej siab, kub siab. Qib 2.25Cr (2.25% chromium, 1% molybdenum) yog los ntawm ASTM A387 Gr.22 lub phaj siab thiab yog ib qho ntawm cov qib chrome-moly uas tau teev tseg dav tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab kev ua kom huv. Chav Kawm 22 ua ke kev txo kev ntxhov siab tom qab vuam, kev kuaj xyuas radiographic tag nrho ntawm cov leeg ntev, thiab kev sim hydrostatic. Nplooj ntawv no npog qhov txhais li cas ntawm lub npe, qib sib piv nrog 1.25Cr thiab 5Cr li cas, qhov twg nws siv, thiab dab tsi yuav tsum qhia thaum xaj.

Cov lus tseem ceeb uas siv rau hauv nplooj ntawv no: ASTM A691 2.25Cr CL22, A691 2-1/4Cr yeeb nkab, 2.25Cr EFW yeeb nkab, chrome moly EFW yeeb nkab, A387 Gr.22 yeeb nkab vuam, yeeb nkab EFW kub siab, ASTM A691 Chav Kawm 22, 2.25Cr vs 1.25Cr, 2.25Cr vs 5Cr.

Xa email rau peb Cov Lus Qhia Txog Khoom

Cov Khoom Qhia Txog Khoom

Cov Cim Npe Khoom

ASTM A691 2.25Cr CL22 Txhais Li Cas

ASTM A691 npog cov yeeb nkab carbon thiab alloy steel, electric-fusion-welded nrog filler hlau ntxiv, ua los ntawm lub phaj siab-zoo, tsim nyog rau kev pabcuam siab ntawm qhov kub siab. Lub npe faib ua peb ntu.

Qib 2.25Crqhia txog lub phaj puag. Qib no sib raug rau ASTM A387 Gr.22, lub phaj hlau chromium-molybdenum alloy uas tsim los rau kev pabcuam kub siab. Cov ntsiab lus chromium 2.25% muab kev tiv thaiv oxidation thiab lub zog kub siab, thaum 1% molybdenum pab txhawb kev tiv thaiv creep thiab hardenability. Cov yeeb nkab cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab ua raws li A387 Gr.22 phaj specification.

Chav Kawm 22Txhais kev kho cua sov thiab kev sim. Chav Kawm 22 xav kom cov yeeb nkab kom txo qhov kev ntxhov siab tom qab vuam, qhov txuas ntawm qhov vuam ntev kom kuaj xyuas radiographically, thiab cov yeeb nkab tiav lawm kom dhau los ntawm kev sim hydrostatic. Chav kawm no muab PWHT thiab tag nrho RT yam tsis muaj kev ua kom zoo lossis quenching-thiab-tempering uas cov chav kawm siab dua xav tau.

EFWqhia txog txoj kev tsim khoom: cov hlau alloy phaj yog tsim rau hauv cov duab cylindrical, thiab cov kab sib txuas ntev yog welded siv submerged arc welding (SAW) nrog cov hlau ntxiv.

Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj thiab Khoom Siv Kho Tshuab

Vim tias 2.25Cr yog khi rau A387 Gr.22 phaj, cov yeeb nkab tiav lawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab lub zog ua raws li tus qauv phaj ntawd.

Vaj tse	Tus nqi ib txwm muaj
Cov pa roj carbon	0.05–0.15%
Manganese	0.30–0.60%
Phosphorus (max)	0.025%
Sulfur (max)	0.025%
Silicon	0.50% siab tshaj
Chromium	2.00–2.50%
Molybdenum	0.90–1.10%
Lub Zog Tawm (min)	310 MPa
Lub zog tensile	515–690 MPa
Kev ntev (min)	18%
Kub Tshaj Plaws Ua Haujlwm	565–593°C

Cov txiaj ntsig xeem tiag tiag ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj zeb qhia txog qhov kub tshwj xeeb thiab phaj siv. Chav kawm 22 kev txo kev ntxhov siab tsis hloov pauv cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv paus.

Kev Sib Piv Qib: 1.25Cr vs 2.25Cr vs 5Cr

Cov neeg yuav khoom uas tab tom nrhiav 2.25Cr feem ntau piv rau cov qib chrome-moly uas nyob ze. Qhov txawv yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm chromium thiab molybdenum, uas ua rau muaj zog kub siab, tiv taus oxidation, thiab tiv taus hydrogen tawm tsam.

Qib	Phaj Pib	Cov Ntsiab Lus Cr	Cov Ntsiab Lus Mo	Kev Siv Ib Txwm Muaj
1.25Cr	A387 Qib 11	1.00–1.50%	0.45–0.65%	Cov kab ua pa kub thiab cov txheej txheem dav dav
2.25Cr	A387 Qib 22	2.00–2.50%	0.90–1.10%	Kub dua, kev pabcuam hydrogen, cov kav dej fais fab
5Cr	A387 Qib 5	4.00–6.00%	0.45–0.65%	Kev pabcuam roj av nrog sulfur thiab hydrogen

2.25Cr raug xaiv tshaj 1.25Cr thaum qhov kub ua haujlwm lossis hydrogen ib nrab siab tshaj qhov 1.25Cr tuaj yeem ua siab ntev. Nws raug xaiv tshaj 5Cr thaum qhov kev pabcuam tsis xav tau cov ntsiab lus chromium siab dua rau kev tiv thaiv sulfidation, vim 2.25Cr pheej yig dua thiab yooj yim dua rau kev vuam.

Chav Kawm 22 vs Lwm Chav Kawm A691

Chav Kawm	Kev Kho Mob Kub	Kev thaij duab hluav taws xob	Kev kuaj dej	Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb
12	Tsis muaj dab tsi	Tag Nrho RT	Yog	Raws li-welded, kev pabcuam nruab nrab
22	Kev Nyuaj Siab Txo	Tag Nrho RT	Yog	Kev pabcuam kub siab nrog PWHT
32	Ua kom zoo li qub	Tag Nrho RT	Yog	Kev thov kom muaj zog dua
42	Normalized + Tempered	Tag Nrho RT	Yog	Kev pabcuam hnyav, kub heev

Rau cov kav dej kub heev, Chav Kawm 42 feem ntau yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tus qauv hauv EPC cov lus qhia. Chav Kawm 22 yog qhov tsim nyog qhov twg kev txo kev ntxhov siab txaus thiab cov khoom siv phaj ib txwm tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov cai tsim.

Qhov Loj thiab Kev Xaiv Tsim Khoom

Womic tsim cov yeeb nkab A691 2.25Cr CL22 siv LSAW nrog ib txoj kab ncaj lossis ob txoj kab ncaj. ASTM A691 nominally npog cov yeeb nkab 16 nti (400 mm) sab nraud txoj kab uas hla thiab loj dua nrog phab ntsa tuab txog li 3 nti (75 mm).

Cov Qauv	Ntau yam
Sab Nraud Txoj Kab uas hla	16″ txog 100″ (400 mm txog 2,540 mm)
Phab ntsa tuab	6 hli mus txog 75 hli (hnyav dua raws li qhov thov)
Ntev	6 m, 12 m tus qauv; txog li 18 m lossis 24 m yog tias thov
Txoj Kev Tsim Khoom	EFW / LSAW nrog cov hlau sau
Hom Seam	Ib txoj kab ncaj nraim los yog ob txoj kab ncaj nraim

Ib Txoj Kab Ncaj vs Ob Txoj Kab Ncaj

Ib txoj kab ncaj nraimsiv thaum ib lub phaj tuaj yeem dov mus rau hauv ib lub tog raj kheej puv. Ntawm Womic qhov no npog OD txog li 1,422 hli nrog phab ntsa tuab txog li 50.8 hli ntawm kab JCOE. Ib qho vuam ntev tsom mus rau kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm ib qho seam.

Ob chav ncaj seamsiv thaum txoj kab uas hla lossis phab ntsa tuab tshaj qhov uas ib lub phaj tuaj yeem tsim tau. Ob lub phaj raug dov ua ib nrab-lub tog raj kheej thiab txhua lub yog welded longitudinally. Qhov no npog OD txij li ntawm 1,200 mm txog 2,540 mm nrog phab ntsa tuab txog li 75 mm lossis ntau dua. Qhov kev pauv pauv yog ob lub vuam seams los tshuaj xyuas, tab sis nws ua rau cov yeeb nkab loj-txoj kab uas hla uas ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem tsim tau.

Kev vuam thiab kev kho cua sov ntawm 2.25Cr Yeeb Nkab

Cov kab sib txuas ntev yog welded los ntawm kev vuam submerged arc nrog cov hlau filler xaiv los phim 2.25Cr lub hauv paus hlau. Cov ntsiab lus chromium thiab molybdenum siab dua piv rau 1.25Cr ua rau 2.25Cr rhiab heev rau kev tawg hauv thaj chaw cuam tshuam los ntawm cua sov yog tias kev vuam thiab txias tsis raug tswj. Kev ua kom sov ua ntej, kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias interpass, thiab kev kho cua sov tom qab vuam yog qhov tseem ceeb dua rau qib no.

Tom qab vuam, cov yeeb nkab raug txo qhov kev ntxhov siab raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm Chav Kawm 22: cua sov kom sib npaug rau qhov kub qis dua qhov tseem ceeb, tuav rau lub sijhawm sib npaug rau qhov tuab ntawm phab ntsa, thiab txias hauv txoj kev tswj hwm. Qhov no txo cov kev ntxhov siab seem los ntawm kev tsim thiab vuam thiab ua kom lub microstructure ruaj khov rau kev pabcuam kub siab.

Kev Xeem Qib 22 Muaj Dab Tsi

Kev Txo Kev Nyuaj SiabTom qab vuam, cov yeeb nkab raug cua sov rau qhov kub qis dua qhov tseem ceeb thiab tuav kom txo cov kev ntxhov siab seem.

Kev Tshuaj Xyuas X-ray: Cov kab txuas ntev raug kuaj xyuas los ntawm X-ray lossis gamma ray kom pom cov qhov tsis zoo sab hauv. Chav Kawm 22 xav tau tag nrho RT ntawm cov kab txuas ntev.

Kev Ntsuas HydrostaticTxhua lub yeeb nkab raug ntim dej thiab muab siab rau qib uas txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tuab thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm phab ntsa uas tau teev tseg, tuav rau lub sijhawm teev tseg, thiab tshuaj xyuas seb puas muaj qhov xau lossis puas hloov pauv mus tas li.

Cov kev cai ntxiv hauv ASTM A691 tuaj yeem siv rau kev sim kev cuam tshuam, kev thaij duab ntxiv, lossis kev sim qhov nyuaj thaum qhov project xav tau ntau dua li qhov Class 22.

Cov ntawv thov rau A691 2.25Cr CL22 Yeeb Nkab

● Cov kav dej ua pa ntawm lub chaw tsim hluav taws xobsuav nrog cov pa dej loj, cov kab rov ua kom sov kub, thiab cov kab superheater uas qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov hlau tshaj qhov ntau ntawm 1.25Cr

● Cov chaw ua dej ua kom huv hauv lub chaw ua rojsuav nrog cov hydrocrackers thiab hydrotreaters qhov twg 2.25Cr muab kev tiv thaiv rau hydrogen tawm tsam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias siab thiab siab

● Cov taub hau hlau lojqhov twg cov yeeb nkab seamless saum NPS 24 tsis yooj yim lossis tsis muaj

● Cov kav dej siab siab Petrochemicalhauv cov chav tswj hwm cov kwj deg uas muaj hydrogen ntau ntawm qhov kub siab

Cov Ntaub Ntawv Txog Qhov Project

Cov Kav Dej Hydroprocessing ntawm Middle East Refinery

Ib qhov project refinery hauv Middle East tau teev cov yeeb nkab A691 2.25Cr CL22 EFW rau cov kav dej hydroprocessing. Cov yeeb nkab no xav tau OD 610 mm thiab 762 mm, phab ntsa tuab 25 mm thiab 30 mm, nrog rau RT thiab PWHT tag nrho ib chav kawm 22. Qib 2.25Cr tau xaiv rau nws txoj kev tiv thaiv rau hydrogen tawm tsam ntawm qhov kub ua haujlwm thiab hydrogen ib feem siab ntawm hydrogen ntawm hydrotreater. Kev tsim khoom tau ua raws li tib txoj kev EFW siv rau qhov project chaw nres tsheb fais fab 1.25Cr, nrog rau cov lus qhia phaj hloov mus rau A387 Gr.22 thiab cov kev teeb tsa PWHT tau kho rau cov ntsiab lus alloy siab dua.

Kev Hloov Kab Nqus Hluav Taws Xob

Ib qhov project kho chaw fais fab hauv tebchaws Es Xias xav tau cov yeeb nkab A691 2.25Cr CL22 rau kev hloov cov kav dej loj. Cov yeeb nkab tau teev tseg hauv OD 508 mm × WT 25.4 mm × 12,000 mm, phim cov kab ke 2.25Cr uas twb muaj lawm. Qhov project xav tau daim ntawv qhia RT, PWHT, thiab daim ntawv pov thawj EN 10204 3.1 tag nrho. Hom kev hloov pauv no yog ib txwm muaj rau cov kav dej 2.25Cr vim tias cov chaw fais fab qub tau saib xyuas thiab txhim kho dua tshiab.

Cov Ntaub Ntawv Zoo

Txhua qhov kev xa khoom ntawm A691 2.25Cr CL22 yeeb nkab los ntawm Womic Steel muaj xws li:

● Daim ntawv pov thawj xeem EN 10204 3.1 nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeem kho tshuab uas taug qab mus rau tus lej cua sov ntawm lub phaj

● Daim ntawv qhia txog kev kuaj mob radiographic rau qhov txuas weld

● Cov ntaub ntawv xeem hydrostatic

● Daim ntawv qhia txog kev kho cua sov tom qab vuam nrog qhov kub thiab lub sijhawm tuav

● Daim ntawv qhia txog kev soj ntsuam qhov ntev

● Kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm lwm tus neeg muaj thaum thov (SGS, BV, TÜV)

Ntim thiab Xa Khoom

Cov kav dej muaj cov qhov kawg uas muaj cov hau yas los yog cov qhov kawg tiaj tiaj raws li tau teev tseg. Cov nplaim ntawm cov kav dej tau txais ib txheej tiv thaiv uas tsim nyog rau kev thauj mus los thiab kev khaws cia. Cov kav dej me thiab nruab nrab muaj cov hlua hlau; cov kav dej loj thiab cov kav dej phab ntsa hnyav raug xa ib leeg nrog lub thawv ntoo. Kev tshuaj xyuas ua ntej xa khoom los ntawm lwm tus neeg tuaj yeem npaj tau.

Cov Lus Nug Feem Ntau

Q: Qhov txawv ntawm 2.25Cr thiab 1.25Cr hauv ASTM A691 yog dab tsi?

2.25Cr siv A387 Gr.22 phaj nrog 2.00–2.50% chromium thiab 0.90–1.10% molybdenum, thaum 1.25Cr siv A387 Gr.11 phaj nrog 1.00–1.50% chromium thiab 0.45–0.65% molybdenum. Cov ntsiab lus siab dua ntawm 2.25Cr muab lub zog zoo dua ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tiv taus oxidation, thiab tiv taus hydrogen tawm tsam. 2.25Cr raug xaiv thaum qhov kub ua haujlwm lossis hydrogen ib feem siab tshaj qhov 1.25Cr tuaj yeem ua siab ntev.

Q: Chav Kawm 22 txhais li cas rau A691 2.25Cr yeeb nkab?

Chav Kawm 22 txhais tau tias cov yeeb nkab raug txo qhov kev ntxhov siab tom qab vuam, qhov txuas ntawm qhov vuam ntev tau txais kev kuaj xyuas radiographic tag nrho, thiab cov yeeb nkab tiav lawm tau kuaj hydrostatically. Chav kawm no yog ib qho rau cov yeeb nkab kub siab uas xav tau PWHT los tswj qhov vuam thiab thaj chaw kub, thiab qhov twg tag nrho RT tau teev tseg rau kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm qhov vuam.

Q: Koj puas tuaj yeem muab A691 2.25Cr nrog kev sim cuam tshuam?

Yog. Kev kuaj qhov cuam tshuam Charpy V-notch yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntxiv raws li ASTM A691. Qhia meej qhov kub thiab txias ntawm kev kuaj, kev taw qhia ntawm cov qauv, thiab cov qauv lees txais hauv daim ntawv xaj yuav khoom. Kev kuaj qhov cuam tshuam rau cov yeeb nkab chrome-moly tsis tshua muaj ntau dua li cov hlau carbon uas kub tsawg, tab sis tuaj yeem npaj tau thaum cov lus qhia ntawm qhov project xav tau.

Q: Qhov kub siab tshaj plaws rau A691 2.25Cr yog dab tsi?

Qhov kub siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm feem ntau yog hais txog 565–593 ° C (1050–1100 ° F), nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim tshwj xeeb thiab lub hauv paus kev ntxhov siab. Saum toj no qhov ntau thiab tsawg no, kev tiv thaiv oxidation thiab creep dhau los ua qhov txwv, thiab cov qib chromium siab dua xws li 5Cr lossis 9Cr feem ntau yog teev tseg.

Q: Puas yog A691 2.25Cr zoo ib yam li A387 Gr.22?

Tsis yog raws nraim. A387 Gr.22 yog cov hlau phaj specification. A691 2.25Cr yog cov yeeb nkab specification uas siv A387 Gr.22 phaj ua cov khoom pib, tsim thiab welds nws rau hauv yeeb nkab, siv cov cua sov kho uas xav tau los ntawm chav kawm, thiab ua qhov kev sim tshwj xeeb. Cov yeeb nkab tiav lawm muaj chemistry thiab lub zog sib xws nrog A387 Gr.22, tab sis cov khoom tsim thiab cov txheej txheem sim yog tswj hwm los ntawm A691.

Q: Kuv puas yuav tsum xaiv ib txoj kab ncaj nraim lossis ob txoj kab ncaj nraim?

Lub tshuab zeb xaiv qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm cov xov raws li qhov loj me uas tau txiav txim. Ib txoj xov ncaj nraim npog OD txog li 1,422 hli thiab phab ntsa tuab txog li 50.8 hli ntawm Womic. Ob txoj xov ncaj nraim npog cov kab uas loj dua thiab phab ntsa hnyav dua. Yog tias koj qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov project txwv tsis pub siv hom xov, hais qhov no hauv daim ntawv yuav khoom.

Tiv tauj Womic Steelrau ASTM A691 2.25Cr CL22 EFW cov lus hais txog cov yeeb nkab. Muab qhov ntev ntawm sab nraud, phab ntsa tuab, qhov ntau npaum li cas, qhov ntev, qhov kawg tiav, thiab lwm yam kev xav tau ntxiv rau kev kuaj xyuas. Peb yuav paub meej tias muaj thiab lub sijhawm ua tiav hauv ib hnub ua haujlwm.

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